Main index | Section 1 | 日本語 | Options |
The following options are available:
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Generate random data instead of the default sequential data. | |
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Just print word repetitively. | |
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Print word with the generated data appended to it. Octal, hexadecimal, exponential, ASCII, zero padded, and right-adjusted representations are possible by using the appropriate printf(3) conversion specification inside word, in which case the data are inserted rather than appended. | |
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This is an abbreviation for
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Print data separated by string. Normally, newlines separate data. | |
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Do not print the final newline normally appended to the output. | |
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Print only as many digits or characters of the data
as indicated by the integer
precision.
In the absence of
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The last four arguments indicate, respectively, the number of data, the lower bound, the upper bound, and the step size or, for random data, the seed. While at least one of them must appear, any of the other three may be omitted, and will be considered as such if given as or as an empty string. Any three of these arguments determines the fourth. If four are specified and the given and computed values of reps conflict, the lower value is used. If fewer than three are specified, defaults are assigned left to right, except for s, which assumes a default of 1 or -1 if both begin and end are given.
Defaults for the four arguments are, respectively, 100, 1, 100, and 1, except that when random data are requested, the seed, s, is picked randomly. The reps argument is expected to be an unsigned integer, and if given as zero is taken to be infinite. The begin and end arguments may be given as real numbers or as characters representing the corresponding value in ASCII. The last argument must be a real number.
Random numbers are obtained through
arc4random(3)
when no seed is specified,
and through
random(3)
when a seed is given.
When
jot
is asked to generate random integers or characters with begin
and end values in the range of the random number generator function
and no format is specified with one of the
The name jot derives in part from iota, a function in APL.
If no output format is specified or the output format is a floating point format ( 'E', 'G', 'e', 'f', or 'g' ), the value is rounded using the printf(3) function, taking into account the requested precision.
If the output format is an integer format ( 'D', 'O', 'U', 'X', 'c', 'd', 'i', 'o', 'u', or 'x' ), the value is converted to an integer value by truncation.
As an illustration, consider the following command:
$ jot 6 1 10 0.5 1 2 2 2 3 4
By requesting an explicit precision of 1, the values generated before rounding can be seen. The .5 values are rounded down if the integer part is even, up otherwise.
$ jot -p 1 6 1 10 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
By offsetting the values slightly, the values generated by the following command are always rounded down:
$ jot -p 0 6 .9999999999 10 0.5 1 1 2 2 3 3
Another way of achieving the same result is to force truncation by specifying an integer format:
$ jot -w %d 6 1 10 0.5
jot - 1 10
prints the integers from 1 to 10, while the command
jot 21 -1 1.00
prints 21 evenly spaced numbers increasing from -1 to 1. The ASCII character set is generated with
jot -c 128 0
and the strings xaa through xaz with
jot -w xa%c 26 a
while 20 random 8-letter strings are produced with
jot -r -c 160 a z | rs -g 0 8
Infinitely many yes's may be obtained through
jot -b yes 0
and thirty ed(1) substitution commands applying to lines 2, 7, 12, etc.amp; is the result of
jot -w %ds/old/new/ 30 2 - 5
The stuttering sequence 9, 9, 8, 8, 7, etc.amp; can be produced by truncating the output precision and a suitable choice of step size, as in
jot -w %d - 9.5 0 -.5
and a file containing exactly 1024 bytes is created with
jot -b x 512 > block
Finally, to set tabs four spaces apart starting from column 10 and ending in column 132, use
expand -`jot -s, - 10 132 4`
and to print all lines 80 characters or longer,
grep `jot -s amp;"amp;" -b amp;. 80`
illegal or unsupported format '%s' |
The requested conversion format specifier for
printf(3)
was not of the form
%[#][ ][{+,-}][0-9]*[.[0-9]*]? where "?amp;" must be one of [l]{d,i,o,u,x} or {c,e,f,g,D,E,G,O,U,X}
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range error in conversion | A value to be printed fell outside the range of the data type associated with the requested output format. |
too many conversions | More than one conversion format specifier has been supplied, but only one is allowed. |
JOT (1) | April 7, 2015 |
Main index | Section 1 | 日本語 | Options |
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