Manual Pages  — RANDOM

The second mode of operation, selected with the -f filename option, reads the specified file and outputs the randomized contents to standard output. The contents can be randomized in units of lines (split on newline characters) or in units of words (split on space characters as determined by isspace(3).) The default denominator for this mode of operation is 1.0, which displays every line.

The options are as follows:

-e
	If the -e option is specified, random does not read or write anything, and simply exits with a random exit value of 0 to denominator amp;- 1, inclusive. In this mode, denominator must be less than or equal to 256.
-f filename
	The -f option is used to specify the filename to read from. Standard input is used if filename is '-'.
-l
	Randomize the input via newlines (the default).
-r
	Do not buffer output.
-U
	Reuse any given line or word when creating a randomized output.
-u
	Do not select the same line or word from a file more than once (the default). This does not guarantee uniqueness if there are two of the same tokens in the input.
-w
	Randomize words separated by isspace(3) instead of newlines.